p16基因启动子甲基化与结直肠癌发生发展的关系

目的　探讨p16基因启动子甲基化在结直肠癌发生、发展过程中的作用及其临床意义。方法　采用RT PCR、免疫组化方法检测p16基因表达 ,用甲基化特异性PCR(MSP)方法检测p16基因启动子甲基化。结果　 5 8例结直肠癌中 ,癌旁肠粘膜、原发灶、肝转移灶中p16表达阳性率分别为97% (5 6 /5 8)、31% (18/5 8)、7% (2 /2 8) ,原发灶、肝转移灶中p16表达明显降低 (P <0 0 1)。癌旁肠粘膜组织中未发现p16基因启动子甲基化 ,而癌原发灶、肝转移灶中p16甲基化阳性率分别为 5 0 %(2 9/5 8)、75 % (2 1/2 8) ,3种组织p16基因启动子甲基化率的差别有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。在 2 8例出现肝转移者外周静脉血、胆汁中可检测到p16甲基化启动子序列者分别为 2 3例 (82 % )、2 0例 (71% )。结论　p16基因启动子甲基化导致p16抑癌基因失活与结直肠癌的发生、转移有密切关系。     

Safety and efficacy of oral nemonoxacin versus levofloxacin in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: A phase 3, multicenter,randomized, double-blind,double-dummy,active-controlled,non-inferiority trial

Background/Purpose

Nemonoxacin is a novel nonfluorinated quinolone with excellent in vitro activity against most pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), especially Gram-positive isolates. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of nemonoxacin compared with levofloxacin in patients with CAP.

新兵训练后功能性闭经女兵的心身症状与激素水平

目的:探讨新人伍女兵功能性下丘脑性闭经(FHA)者与月经正常者激素水平及心理健康状况的差异。方法:在某部队新人伍女兵98人接受了为期近4个月的体能训练之后,有54人出现闭经.其中闭经3个月以上者有35人(研究组)。训练后月经正常、在采血时月经周期处于第5～11天者有26人(对照组)。分别测定她们血清中的促卵泡生成素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E_2)、孕酮(P)、泌乳素(PRL)、睾酮(T)、ACTH、T_3、T_4的水平,并用SCL-90分别评定她们的心理健康状况。结果:FHA 者血清FSH 值为4.96±1.73 mIU/ml,LH 值为2.63±1.78 mIU/ml,E_2的值为7.23±5.37 pg/ml,对照组血清相应值为10.73±2.30mIU/ml、12.31±2.15mIU/ml、41.67±6.13pg/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),闭经组低于对照组。FHA 组SCL-90的躯体化、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑及其他因子分大于2的比率分别为:51.4%、42.9%、48.6%、51.4%及37.1%;而对照组这5项分值大于2的比率分别为15.4%、15.4%、19.2%、21.3%及11.5%,两组间这5个因子大于2的人数差异有统计学显著意义(P<0.05),闭经组高于对照组。结论:诊断为FHA 的女兵与月经正常女兵的激素水平有差异,闭经组心身症状的发生率也高于对照组。     

丹酚酸B及欧芹素乙对溶血磷脂酰胆碱刺激牛主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖的影响

目的　研究溶血磷脂酰胆碱 (L PC)对牛主动脉平滑肌细胞 (BASMC)增殖的影响及丹酚酸 B和欧芹素乙的抑制作用。方法　体外培养 BASMC,用 MTT法测定细胞增殖。结果　 L PC在 2 .5× 10 - 9～ 2 .5× 10 - 6 g/ L 剂量依赖性地促进 BASMC增殖 ;丹酚酸 B(1× 10 - 9～ 1× 10 - 6 mol/ L)和欧芹素乙 (1× 10 - 7～ 1× 10 - 3m ol/ L)浓度依赖性地抑制 L PC的作用。结论　 L PC可促进 BASMC增殖 ,丹酚酸 B和欧芹素乙可抑制 L PC的作用     

产毒性大肠杆菌不耐热和耐热肠毒素基因克隆及序列分析

目的：用基因工程方法克隆产毒性大肠杆菌（ETEC）不耐热肠毒素（LT）和耐热肠毒素（ST）基因,以制备检测ETEC的单克隆抗体.方法：利用PCR技术扩增LT和ST基因并将它们插入T-easy载体中,采用全自动测序仪进行核苷酸序列分析.结果：DNA序列分析表明,克隆的ETEC-LT-B DNA序列与GenBank公布序列比较在17、69、101、102位点有碱基变异,同源性98.9%;ETEC-STDNA序列与GenBank公布序列一致.结论：成功获得正确的ETEC的LT和ST基因,为其重组表达及后续研究奠定了实验基础.     

Laparoscopic resections of colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases: a case controlled study

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic simultaneous resections of colorectal cancer and synchronous colorectal liver metastases (SCRLM), relative to open surgery.

Methods: Between 1 January 2009 and 20 April 2014, 20 of 25 patients who underwent laparoscopic simultaneous colorectal cancer and SCRLM resections were matched with 20 of 29 patients who underwent an open approach, based on prognostic propensity scores. Perioperative results and survival outcomes were compared.

Results: The laparoscopic and open groups were comparable in demographics, cancer characteristics, surgery characteristics, and chemotherapy treatment. No postoperative mortality occurred in either group. The estimated blood loss and postoperative stay were significantly greater in the open group than in the laparoscopic group (all, p?Conclusions: The postoperative complications and survival rates of patients given laparoscopic simultaneous colorectal cancer and SCRLM resections were similar to those treated with an open approach, but with greater short-term benefits. Laparoscopy in this setting by an experienced surgical team appears safe and effective, and is a feasible alternative to an open approach for selected patients.     

Comparative efficacy of dioctahedral smectite (Smecta) and a probiotic preparation in chronic functional diarrhoea

The present study was designed to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of dioctahedral smectite in Chinese patients with chronic functional diarrhoea and to compare this activity to a probiotic preparation.

Patients diagnosed with chronic functional diarrhoea (Rome II criteria), exclusion of blood, ova/parasites in the stool and a normal colonoscopy were included. After a 1-week period of baseline without any medication, they were prescribed three sachets of dioctahedral smectite 3 g, administered 1 h after the meals (Group A), or two capsules of Bifico 210 mg (Group B) for 28 consecutive days. Efficacy of the treatments was assessed on frequency of bowel movements and consistency of stool, as compared to baseline.

Four hundred and ten patients were included (258 males, 152 females; mean age 43.8 ± 13.9 years): 208 in Group A and 202 in Group B. In Group A, the mean number of stool per day decreased from 3.5 ± 1.0 at baseline to 2.0 ± 0.9 and from 3.3 ± 1.0 to 2.2 ± 0.9 in Group B (z = 2.699; P = 0.007). Decrease in stool number was significant with both treatments but more important with smectite at week 2 and remained significant throughout the treatment period. Stool consistency, assessed by the Bristol scale, also improved significantly over the treatment period, as compared to baseline (z = 3.310, P = 0.001).

Dioctahedral smectite appeared in this study to be an effective and safe treatment of chronic functional diarrhoea, its effect starting during the first week of treatment and consisting in a decrease in the frequency of daily bowel movements and improvement of stool consistency. Moreover, dioctahedral smectite displays a prolonged action after disruption of the treatment that may interfere with the natural course of the disease.     

智能型语音急救盒的研制

目的:设计一种智能型语音急救盒,为发病后失去行动能力和言语能力的老人及患者提供可靠的报警和药物救助。方法:采用HL7003-2语音识别芯片,结合外围电路,完成对话功能的设计;采用ISD-1420集成电路,完成应答功能的设计。结果:该智能型语音急救盒能够实现人机对话,代替老人及患者诉说病情,指导周围人员正确用药,并能联系家属及报警中心。结论:该装置成本低、制作工艺简单、体积小、方便携带,值得应用推广。     

吸烟量对高血压患者血脂的影响

目的探讨吸烟量对高血压患者血总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的影响,为冠心病的防治提供依据。方法采用流行病学问卷调查表的形式,没有吸烟史的高血压患者99例和有吸烟史的高血压患者105例,并按吸烟史的情况进行调查,按吸烟量分为吸烟0、1、2、3级。对比分析4个等级组四项血脂水平。结果吸烟1、2、3级TC、TG、LDL水平显著高于吸烟0级(P<0.01),吸烟3级HDL显著低于吸烟0级(P<0.01)。结论吸烟与高脂血症有密切关系,是高血压病的危险因素之一,吸烟可影响高血压病的防治。